Fermi Metro Station 8.7 mi away links with the center of Turin. [7][26] This is the most common form of intimate partner violence, particularly in the western world and among young couples, and involves women and men nearly equally. [83], Psychological therapies for women probably reduce the resulting depression and anxiety, however it is unclear if these approaches properly address recovery from complex trauma and the need for safety planning. [60], A 2013 review of evidence from five continents found that when partner abuse is defined broadly (emotional abuse, any kind of hitting, who hits first), it is relatively even. Severity tends to increase with multiple incidents, especially if the abuse comes in many forms. [citation needed]. [69][71][45][72] Sociologist Michael Flood writes, "there is no 'gender symmetry' in domestic violence; there are important differences between men's and women's typical patterns of victimization; and domestic violence represents only a small proportion of the violence to which men are subject". Il a même "fugacement" étudié la médecine, mais "il y avait trop de choses à apprendre". 1.6m Followers, 84 Following, 217 Posts - See Instagram photos and videos from ZORAN STRO (@maes_packm) In Yllo, K and M.G. [26][27][28][29] Distinctions are made among the types of violence, motives of perpetrators, and the social and cultural context based upon patterns across numerous incidents and motives of the perpetrator. A Systematic Review of Women's Motivations", "Family violence statistics including statistics on strangers and acquaintances", "Nonfatal Domestic Violence, 2003–2012", "The Controversy over Domestic Violence by Women: A Methodological, Theoretical, and Sociology of Science Analysis", "Iowa Tries A New Domestic Violence Intervention: Mindfulness", "Psychological therapies for women who experience intimate partner violence", "Domestic Violence-Focused Couples Treatment", "Advocacy interventions to reduce or eliminate violence and promote the physical and psychosocial well-being of women who experience intimate partner abuse", "Violence and abuse in personal relationships: conflict, terror, and resistance in intimate partnerships", Edith Cowan University School of Psychology, Power and Control: Domestic Violence in America, Signs: Journal of Women in Culture and Society, National Coalition Against Domestic Violence, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Intimate_partner_violence&oldid=994187049, Wikipedia articles needing page number citations from November 2020, Short description is different from Wikidata, Articles with unsourced statements from June 2018, Articles with unsourced statements from August 2020, CS1 maint: BOT: original-url status unknown, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Intimate partner violence (IPV) is domestic violence by a current or former spouse or partner in an intimate relationship against the other spouse or partner. [49] Nevertheless, most services address offenders and survivors separately. Sadly, their son, Gianni had died in 1933, before the war, aged only seven. Il mérite qu'on l'écoute, donc voici tout ce qu'il a pu dire dans cette vidéo.--------------------------------------------------Facebook : -JojoLeBarjot : https://www.facebook.com/JojoLeBarjotOfficiel/-MJ : https://www.facebook.com/MJ-155703968179206/Twitter :-https://twitter.com/JojoLeBarjotOffPériscope :-@JojoLeBarjotOffInstagram :-https://instagram.com/jojo_le_barjot_officiel/Musical.ly :-@jordanmassnatSnapchat :-jojogammerVine :-Jojo Le BarjotAsk :-http://ask.fm/JordanMassenatSkype :-jojokillerdu51--------------------------------------------------En tout cas j'espère que cette vidéo vous auras plus , moi je vous dit à bientôt pour une prochaine vidéo.N'oublie pas de liker et/ou de t'abonner et pourquoi pas commenter pour plus de vidéos.Huites. [48], Researchers such as Michael S Kimmel have criticized CTS methodology in assessing relations between gender and domestic violence. Val-d’Oise : un suspect retranché dans son entreprise et son épouse retrouvés morts Un homme s’était retranché dans son entreprise à Domont en compagnie de son épouse après avoir blessé deux personnes. This tool was initially developed and tested among family physicians and family practice offices, and since then has been evaluated in diverse outpatient settings. Modern Marriage, Masculinity, and Intimate Partner Violence in Nigeria. It is difficult to say when the first mosque in France was built. Set in the peaceful Val Della Torre area, Vald Hotel offers an outdoor pool and free parking. On retrouve dans ce morceau un flow saccadé et une voix agressive, le This page was last edited on 14 December 2020, at 14:35. [75] This result may be due to a bi-directional or reciprocal pattern of abuse, with one study concluding that 70% of assaults involve mutual acts of violence. [1][2] IPV can take a number of forms, including physical, verbal, emotional, economic and sexual abuse. Brief advocacy may provide short-term mental health benefits and reduce abuse, particularly in pregnant women. Simple, Rapide et Gratuit. The screening tool has been tested predominantly with young, poor women. It is designed to be conducted over 18 weeks and can be delivered in either individual or multi-couple group format. [87], The primary goal of domestic violence focused couples treatment (DVFCT) is to end violence with the additional goal of helping couples improve the quality of their relationships. 8 reviews of Madame est Servie "Wonderful dinner here on our last night in France. The survey found 11.6% of men and 12% of women had experienced some kind of IPV in the last twelve months, while 4.6% of men and 3.8% of women had experienced "severe" IPV. Service was very good, the menu had some interesting choices and the serves spoke enough English that there was no problem when ordering. [87][88], Advocacy interventions have also been shown to have some benefits under specific circumstances. ACTV participants also acquired significantly fewer charges on average in the 1 year after treatment than Duluth/CBT participants. The big hotels all have superb restaurants, such as L’Espérance in Alpe d’Huez, Le P’tit Polyte in Les 2 Alpes, and Le Palégrié in Corrençon to name just a few. A 2012 review from the journal Psychology of Violence found that women suffered from over-proportionate numbers of injuries, fear, and posttraumatic stress as a result of partner violence. Using the 'power and control wheel,' the goal of treatment is to achieve behaviors that fall on the 'equality wheel' by re-educate men and by replacing maladaptive attitudes held by men. Nombre d'habitants à Val d'Oingt (69620, Rhône), évolution de la population de Val d'Oingt, naissances, décès, familles. Bonusturf met en oeuvre une méthode de jeu pour vous guider dans vos différents jeux. Alexis Valdés is a Cuban actor, comedian, monologist, film producer, playwright, poet, singer and screenwriter.He was born in Havana, Cuba, on August 16, 1963.. Valdés holds a degree in thermal engineering from Havana's Polytechnic José Antonio Echeverría.He rose to prominence in the 1980s, for his performance as Bandurria in the Cuban TV series Los pequeños fugitivos (The Little Fugitives). [76] One reason that data may appear to reflect that men and women equally commit intimate partner violence is that women frequently engage in violent resistance as a means of self-defense against their violent male partners. [30][31] Of the four types, situational couple violence and mutual violent control are reciprocal, while intimate terrorism is non-reciprocal. [59] A 2008 systematic review published in journal of Violence and Victims found that despite less serious altercation or violence being equal among both men and women, more serious and violent abuse was perpetrated by men. Couples may be dating, cohabiting or married and violence can occur in or outside of the home.[7]. The most adventurous couples can even spend a night in the Igloo village in Chamrousse - a wonderful romantic surprise to offer a loved one. [64], Globally, men's perpetration of intimate partner violence against women often stems from conceptions of masculinity and patriarchy. "[42], In situational couple violence, acts of violence by men and women occur at fairly equal rates, with rare occurrences of injury, and are not committed in an attempt to control a partner. We, married couple Julia and Dieter Hölscher, have opened in June 2008 our own coffee shop and restaurant "Lahemaa Kohvikann". [30] A 2011 review by Straus found that men and women commit IPV against each other at the same rate. [nb 1] Women are more likely to act violently in retaliation or self-defense and tend to engage in less severe forms of violence than men whereas men are more likely to commit long-term cycles of abuse than women. Profitez de nos coup sûrs, meilleurs outsiders, le 2/4 et les surprises gratuit à 100%. Severity: Milder than intimate terrorism, very rarely escalates to more severe abuse, generally does not include injuries that were serious or that caused one partner to be admitted to a hospital. terme : ce terme symbolise en fait toutes les activités humaines. The CDC divides domestic violence into two types: reciprocal, in which both partners are violent, and non-reciprocal violence, in which one partner is violent. C’est donc aussi un guide du « savoir-vivre » en communauté, ce pour quoi l’homme et la femme sont faits. [15], The U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) as of 2018 recommends screening women of reproductive age. Le couple a … Cet homme s'était retranché dans son entreprise avec son épouse qu'il tenait visiblement en otage. [3] The WHO also adds controlling behaviors as a form of abuse. [37], Intimate terrorism batterers include two types: "Generally-violent-antisocial" and "dysphoric-borderline". [56] Although men and women commit equivalent rates of unreported minor violence via situational altercation, more severe perpetration and domestic battery tends to be committed by men. Et on s'est dit si c'est celle-là autant la mettre en avant ça se trouve à pas passer non mais franchement un sur douze on a le droit aussi. [79] Most of these BIPs are based on the Duluth Model and incorporate some cognitive behavioral techniques. Although the use of conjoint treatment for IPV is controversial as it may present a danger to victims and potentially escalate abuse, it may be useful to others, such as couples experiencing situational couple violence. [7][8] Studies on domestic violence against men suggest that men are less likely to report domestic violence perpetrated by their female intimate partners.[9][10]. In addition, many couples who have experienced IPV decide to stay together. [13], According to a study conducted in 2010, 30% of women globally aged 15 and older have experienced physical and/or sexual intimate partner violence. [61] Lastly, IPV correlated with relationship satisfaction for women but it did not do so for men. … Deux habitants d' Eaubonne (Val-d'Oise) comptent porter plainte contre Air France. It has been found to have good internal reliability and acceptable concurrent validity. [87], Behavioral couple's therapy (BCT) is cognitive-behavioral approach, typically delivered to outpatients in 15-20 sessions over several months. En fin d’après-midi, la gendarmerie de Domont, dans le Val d’Oise, est appelée par une femme. [7][11] A last form of violence, in which both partners in the relationship engage in controlling and violent behavior, is called mutual violent control. It represents a psycho-educational approach that was developed by paraprofessionals from information gathered from interviewing battered women in shelters and using principles from feminist and sociological frameworks. [61] The review also found that 70% of female victims felt frightened as a result of violence perpetrated by their partners whereas 85% of male victims expressed "no fear" in response to such violence. Research suggests that BCT can be effective in reducing IPV when used to treat co-occurring addictions, which is important work because IPV and substance abuse and misuse frequently co-occur.[87]. Studies done in the United States, Nigeria, and Guatemala all support the idea of men reacting violently towards their partners when their masculinity is threatened by changing gender roles. Torres, Menjivar, Cecilia. 2016. [26] The United States Centers for Disease Control (CDC) also divides domestic violence into types. Simulation 100% gratuite en 2 min sur Quel-Assureur.com. [41] This form of resistance can sometimes become fatal if the victim feels as though their only way out is to kill their partner. Intimate partner violence may involve sexual, sadistic control,[7] economic, physical,[34] emotional and psychological abuse. [48][57][58] This is based on newer CTS methodology as opposed to older versions that did not take into account the contexts in which violence takes place. Our goal is to spoil our guests with selected drinks and appetizing, carefully prepared dishes. Voilà ouais. [49] The first facet is a form of family conflict (such as an argument) while the latter is using violence as a tool for control. The World Health Organization (WHO) defines intimate partner violence as "any behaviour within an intimate relationship that causes physical, psychological or sexual harm to those in the relationship". [citation needed] In some countries forced sex, or marital rape, often occurs with other forms of domestic violence, particularly physical abuse. [65][66][67], The theory that women perpetrate intimate partner violence (IPV) at roughly the same rate as men has been termed "gender symmetry." C’est finalement un guide vers la réussite personnelle et entrepreneuriale. The first type includes people with general psychopathic and violent tendencies. The couple lived in a large, isolated house, surrounded by fifty seven farms; of which theirs was the central one. Smith, Daniel. [19], The HITS is a four-item scale rated on a 5-point Likert scale from 1 (never) to 5 (frequently). En cas de symptômes plus légers, merci de prendre contact avec les différents numéros dédiés au coronavirus dans les communautés autonomes : NOVEMBRE 2020Un concurrent sérieux est apparu dans le secteur de la location à domicile: l’hôtel. [14], Global estimates by WHO calculated that the incidence of women who had experienced physical or sexual abuse from an intimate partner in their lifetime was 1 in 3. [33] In such cases, "[o]ne partner, usually a man, controls virtually every aspect of the victim's, usually a woman's, life. There are currently about 2,300 mosques in France with a further 200 to 250 planned. All rooms are stylishly furnished and equipped with air conditioning, free WiFi, a satellite TV, and a mini-bar. [26] Within relationships of intimate terrorism and violent resistance, 96% of the violent resisters are women. "[3], The most extreme form of such violence may be termed battering, intimate terrorism, coercive controlling violence, or simply coercive control, in which one person is violent and controlling; this is generally perpetrated by men against women, and is the most likely of the types to require medical services and the use of a women's shelter. VALD SE LIVRE PERSONNELLEMENT (Paroles touchantes) - YouTube [38] Violence by an individual against their intimate partner is often done as a way for controlling the partner, even if this kind of violence is not the most frequent. It was created to detect abuse perpetrated against pregnant women. In the 1970s and 1980s, studies using large, nationally representative samples resulted in findings indicating that women were as violent as men in intimate relationships. Intimate partner violence occurs between two people in an intimate relationship. Le GIGN a rapidement été sur les lieux. Vald est un rappeur français né le 15 juillet 1992, originaire d’Aulnay-sous-Bois en Seine-Saint-Denis. "[citation needed] Johnson reported in 2001 that 97% of the perpetrators of intimate terrorism were men.[7]. Begreppet omfattar alla våldsamma övergrepp som äger rum i privat miljö och mellan människor som har känslomässiga och nära relationer till varandra. [21] Two versions have been developed from the original CTS: the CTS2 (an expanded and modified version of the original CTS)[22] and the CTSPC (CTS Parent-Child). Intimate terrorism, or coercive controlling violence (CCV), occurs when one partner in a relationship, typically a man, uses coercive control and power over the other partner,[6][32][33] using threats, intimidation, and isolation. [16], Some of the most studied IPV screening tools were the Hurt, Insult, Threaten, and Scream (HITS),[17] the Woman Abuse Screening Tool/Woman Abuse Screening Tool-Short Form (WAST/WAST-SF), the Partner Violence Screen (PVS),[18] and the Abuse Assessment Screen (AAS). [70] Ever since the publication of Straus and Gelles' findings, other researchers into domestic violence have disputed whether gender symmetry really exists. Mais, privé ou public, le lycée, c'est l'horreur, tout le monde vous le dira, moi, j'en avais rien à foutre". [30][31] Elaine Storkey in her comprehensive analysis, Scars Across Humanity IVP Academic 2018, argues that intimate partner violence is one aspect of a global manifestation of violence against women. Comparez +3000 assurances auto en ligne gratuitement ! 2016. Malgré cette profession de foi, Vald est titulaire d'une licence de mathématiques et informatique. En fait c'est le son pardon français, c'est le son le plus euh, voilà le tu vois qui pourrait peut-être parler s'il en fallait une c'est celle-là. [20], The WAST is an eight-item measure (there is a short form of the WAST that consists of the first two items only). Intimate partner violence (IPV) is domestic violence by a current or former spouse or partner in an intimate relationship against the other spouse or partner. 2016. These couples may present to couples or family therapy. [43] It is estimated that approximately 50% of couples experience situational couple violence in their relationships. [47][48] Older conflict tactics scale (CTS) methodology was criticized for excluding two important facets in gender violence: conflict-motivated aggression and control-motivated aggression. [80] One of the main components used in the Duluth Model is the 'power and control wheel,' which conceptualizes IPV as one form of abuse to maintain male privilege. our partners use cookies to personalize your experience, to show you ads based on your interests, and for measurement and analytics purposes. The World Health Organization (WHO) defines IPV as "... any behaviour within an intimate relationship that causes physical, psychological or sexual harm to those in the relationship, including acts of physical aggression, sexual coercion, psychological abuse and controlling behaviors. It was also found that women's use of physical violence was more likely motivated by self-defense or fear whereas men's use of violence was motivated by control. It has acceptable test retest reliability. Domestic conflict containment program (DCCP) is a highly structured skills-based program whose goal is to teach couples conflict containment skills. However, when the review examined who is physically harmed and how seriously, expresses more fear, and experiences subsequent psychological problems, domestic violence primarily affects women. Frequency: Less frequent than partner terrorism, occurring once in a while during an argument or disagreement. [71], Overall, the addition of Duluth and CBT approaches results in a 5% reduction in IPV. [32], Other empirical studies since 1975 suggest gender symmetry in IPV. Developed by domestic violence researcher Amie Zarling and colleagues at Iowa State University, the aim of ACTV is teach abusers "situational awareness"—to recognize and tolerate uncomfortable feelings – so that they can stop themselves from exploding into rage. The earliest empirical evidence of gender symmetry was presented in the 1975 U.S. National Family Violence Survey carried out by Murray A. Straus and Richard J. Gelles on a nationally representative sample of 2,146 "intact families." Among college students, Johnson found it to be perpetrated about 44% of the time by women and 56% of the time by men. Behold the Shiny Brilliance of GQ's Bald 100: our freshly updated, highly scientific ranking of the one hundred most powerful, influential and just plain badass-looking bald men in the world [47] A 2010 systematic review published in the journal of Trauma Violence Abuse found that the common motives for female on male IPV were anger, a need for attention, or as a response to their partner's violence. Kimmel also argued that the CTS failed to assess for the severity of the injury, sexual assaults and abuse from ex-partners or spouses. Ouais. [35] Because this type of violence is most likely to be extreme, survivors of intimate terrorism are most likely to require medical services and the safety of shelters. The couple has a daughter, Benedetta, born 1940, and another baby, Donata, born in 1943. [56] Researchers have found different outcomes in men and women in response to such abuse. 3 Pédagogie Groslay Moyenne des villes; Population (2017) 8 778 hab. It may occur between heterosexual or homosexual couples and victims can be male or female. [7] VR can occur as an instinctive reaction in response to an initial attack or a defense mechanism after prolonged instances of violence. [39][40], Violent resistance (VR), a form of self-defense, is violence perpetrated by victims against their partners who have exerted intimate terrorism against them. In Yllo, K and M.G. The most common but less injurious form of intimate partner violence is situational couple violence (also known as situational violence), which is conducted by men and women nearly equally,[5][6][7] and is more likely to occur among younger couples, including adolescents (see teen dating violence) and those of college age. [63] According to the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime, the percentage of victims killed by their spouses or ex-spouses was 77.4% for women and 22.6% for men in selected countries across Europe. Ouais. Studies in the 1990s showed that both men and women could be abusers or victims of domestic violence. Intimate terrorism is more likely to escalate over time, not as likely to be mutual, and more likely to involve serious injury. [85] In these cases, clinicians are faced with the decision as to whether they should accept or refuse to treat these couples. [43], Mutual violent control (MVC) is rare type of intimate partner violence occurring when both partners act in a violent manner, battling for control.[26]. If the abuse is more severe, it is more likely to have chronic effects on victims because the long-term effects of abuse tend to be cumulative. Mutuality: Violence may be equally expressed by either partner in the relationship. Son album "Ce monde est cruel" sort ce vendredi, on a remonté la carrière de Vald : de ses premières mixtapes à aujourd'hui (en passant par "Bonjour"). Celebrate this special day with your partner in Val d’Isère. [61], According to government statistics from the US Department of Justice, male perpetrators constituted 96% of federal prosecution on domestic violence. Le couple a été retrouvé mort Michel JONQUERES Président du … [4][5][6] Subsequently, resistance to intimate terrorism, which is a form of self-defense and may be termed violent resistance, is usually conducted by women. Rape and the Continuum of Sexual Abuse in Intimate Relationships. [81][77] This low reduction rate might be explained, at least in part, by the high prevalence of bidirectional violence[49] as well as client-treatment matching versus “one-size-fits-all” approaches. In Yllo, K and M.G. Il est également ingénieur du son. [49], Women generally suffer more severe and long-lasting forms of partner abuse than men, and men generally have more opportunities to leave an abusive partner than women do. Våld i nära relationer (även kallat våld i hemmet eller partnervåld) är psykiskt, fysiskt, sexuellt, materiellt och/eller ekonomiskt våld som sker inom den privata sfären. [26] The victims of one type of abuse are often the victims of other types of abuse. Internal reliability and concurrent validity are acceptable. [44] This information diverged significantly from shelter, hospital, and police data, initiating a long-standing debate, termed "the gender symmetry debate". [69][73][74] Empirical studies suggest rates of perpetration remain symmetrical for both minor and severe abuse. In fact, 37-58% of couples who seek regular outpatient treatment have experienced physical assault in the past year. [49] For example, women commonly engage in IPV as a form of self-defense or retaliation. Ce jeudi en fin d’après-midi, aux alentours de 18 heures, un homme armé s’était retranché dans une entreprise de Domont, dans le département du Val-d’Oise, où il avait pris son épouse en otage, selon plusieurs sources concordantes à BFMTV. De son vrai nom Valentin Le Du, l’ [20], The AAS is a five-item measure scored on a yes/no scale, with positive responses to any question denoting abuse. [52], While both women and men can be victims and perpetrators of IPV,[53] the majority of such violence is inflicted upon women,[54][55] who are also much more likely to suffer injuries as a result, in both heterosexual and same-sex relationships. Other examples she cites are selective abortion, female genital mutilation, early, enforced marriage, honour killings, rape, trafficking, prostitution and sexual violence in war. One side of this debate argues that mainly men perpetrate IPV (the gender asymmetry perspective),[45] whereas the other side maintains that men and women perpetrate IPV at about equal rates (gender symmetry perspective). Le jeudi 17 décembre 2020, dans le Val-d'Oise, un homme a retenu son épouse en otage puis l'a assassinée, avant de se donner la mort. Population : rang national (2017) n°1 167 -Densité de population (2017) 2 976 hab/km² Gelles 1980, 1989; McNeely and Mann 1990; Shupe, Stacey, and Hazelwood 1987; Straus 1973; Straus, Gelles, and Steinmetz 1980; Steinmetz 1977/1978. [68][69]:333, These unexpected results led Suzanne K. Steinmetz to coin the controversial term "battered husband syndrome" in 1977. [50] Scholars state these cases should not be generalized and each couple's specificities must be assessed. This scale measures how often a woman experiences violent behaviors by her partner.[24]. 1 945 hab. Bonsoir.Aujourd'hui on se retrouve pour un petit montage de la dernière vidéo de Vald \"XEU LE DOC\" dans laquel il raconte plein de truc que je trouver très touchant et triste. Dans ce son , comme expliquer dans son interview sur Clique, Vald parle du fait que lorsque les personnes sont en couples , elles veulent être la star de l'autre , … Val d’Isère Téléphériques is preparing an extra special day of love: an early morning run down the mountain for couples only and a 100% Savoyard romantic evening will soon be available for booking. [80], Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) techniques focus on modifying faulty or problematic cognitions, beliefs, and emotions to prevent future violent behavior and include skills training such as anger management, assertiveness, and relaxation techniques. [7], Johnson states that situational couple violence involves a relationship dynamic "in which conflict occasionally gets 'out of hand,' leading usually to 'minor' forms of violence, and rarely escalating into serious or life-threatening forms of violence. [41], Situational couple violence, also called common couple violence, is not connected to general control behavior, but arises in a single argument where one or both partners physically lash out at the other. Abusers are more likely to have witnessed abuse as children than those who engage in situational couple violence. [20], The PVS is a three-item measure scored on a yes/no scale, with positive responses to any question denoting abuse. Kimmel argued that the CTS excluded two important facets in gender violence: conflict-motivated aggression and control motivated aggression. It was developed as a brief instrument for the emergency department. Son conjoint vient de tirer sur deux salariés de l’entreprise du couple. [20], The probably most widely used instrument in research on family violence is the Conflict Tactics Scale (CTS). Torres, CS1 maint: BOT: original-url status unknown (, Domestic violence against men § Gender symmetry, Info-graphic on intimate partner violence, sexual violence, and stalking, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, "Women who experienced violence by an intimate partner", "Draft Recommendation Statement: Intimate Partner Violence, Elder Abuse, and Abuse of Vulnerable Adults: Screening - US Preventive Services Task Force", "Intimate Partner Violence Screening Tools: A Systematic Review", "The Revised Conflict Tactics Scales (CTS2)", "Testing predictions from the male control theory of men's partner violence: Testing Predictions From the Male Control Theory", "Differences in Frequency of Violence and Reported Injury Between Relationships With Reciprocal and Nonreciprocal Intimate Partner Violence", "Impact of Intimate Partner Violence on Women's Mental Health", "A review of research on women's use of violence with male intimate partners", "Intimate Partner Violence and Gender A/Symmetry: An Integrative Literature Review", "Intimate Partner Abuse and Relationship Violence", "Why Do Women Use Intimate Partner Violence?